Herein, inspired by the carpet weaving technique and benefiting from “fiber–yarn–fabric” hierarchical structures, a 3D fabric evaporator with vertical hemp-yarn arrays is innovatively constructed, featuring a combined structure of multiscale pores from tunable spacing between adjacent fibers or yarns, the vertically aligned architecture coated with superhydrophilic MXene-sandwiched layer and the adjustable side height/areas.
However, simultaneously attaining the satisfied evaporation rate, durability and energy utilization in a single system is challengeable, but crucial to the practical application. Solar steam generation has emerged as an environment-friendly and promising strategy to overcome the freshwater and energy crisis.
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